To configure your server to allow incoming SSH connections, you can use this command: If you’re using a cloud server, you will probably want to allow incoming SSH connections so you can connect to and manage your server. This means that we will need to create rules that explicitly allow legitimate incoming connections - SSH or HTTP connections, for example - if we want our server to respond to those types of requests. If we enabled our UFW firewall now, it would deny all incoming connections. These firewall defaults alone might suffice for a personal computer, but servers typically need to respond to incoming requests from outside users.
These commands set the defaults to deny incoming and allow outgoing connections.
To set the defaults used by UFW, use these commands: Let’s set your UFW rules back to the defaults so we can be sure that you’ll be able to follow along with this tutorial. This means anyone trying to reach your server would not be able to connect, while any application within the server would be able to reach the outside world. By default, UFW is set to deny all incoming connections and allow all outgoing connections. These rules control how to handle traffic that does not explicitly match any other rules. If you’re just getting started with your firewall, the first rules to define are your default policies. Let’s start with setting the default policies. However, before enabling UFW, we will want to ensure that your firewall is configured to allow you to connect via SSH. Now, when UFW is enabled, it will be configured to write both IPv4 and IPv6 firewall rules. To do this, open the UFW configuration with nano or your favorite editor. If your Ubuntu server has IPv6 enabled, ensure that UFW is configured to support IPv6 so that it will manage firewall rules for IPv6 in addition to IPv4. This tutorial is written with IPv4 in mind, but will work for IPv6 as well as long as you enable it. If it has been uninstalled for some reason, you can install it with sudo apt install ufw. One Ubuntu 20.04 server with a sudo non-root user, which you can set up by following our Initial Server Setup with Ubuntu 20.04 tutorial.This tutorial will show you how to set up a firewall with UFW on Ubuntu 20.04. If you’re looking to get started securing your network, and you’re not sure which tool to use, UFW may be the right choice for you. UFW, or Uncomplicated Firewall, is a simplified firewall management interface that hides the complexity of lower-level packet filtering technologies such as iptables and nftables.
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